MSYS2 + MinGW-w64安裝教程(以QT5.5開發環境為目標)

QT5.5開發環境比QT4來的難的多，主要原因是QT5.X的原始碼中各模組路徑已經不一樣了，所以當專案從4升到5，折疼了我幾個月，加上編譯器用mingw-w64，且32位元和64位元都得成功，大概沒幾個人像我這麼有自虐情節，回歸正題馬上開始吧。

1. 首先下載MSYS2(X86_64)：MSYS2-20150512(x86—64)
2.  安裝MSYS2，這個部份沒啥困難，略
3.  安裝完請到MSYS2安裝目錄下，請看下圖
   
4.  由畫面所見MSYS2的主要執行檔有3個，
   1.msys2_shell.bat、
   2.mingw32_shell.bat、
   3.mingw64_shell.bat
   ，這3個的差別在於，mingw32_shell.bat 和mingw64_shell.bat分別是MinGW-w64編譯器專用的執行檔，分別編譯32位元及64位元的應用程式，msys2_shell則是建議當成無編譯器的專用平台。
5.  執行msys2_shell.bat
6.  跳出一個終端視窗如下：
   
7. 鍵入

   pacman -Sy

   更新pacman

8. 鍵入

   pacman —needed -S bash pacman pacman-mirrors msys2-runtime

   更新msys2主要核心

9.  關掉重新執行msys2_shell.bat
10.  鍵入

    pacman -Su

    進行更新 

11.  之後介紹一個指令
    pacman -Sl
    此指令顯示所有可以安裝的軟體或模組
    進階：pacman -Sl | grep XXX
    XXX 請換成要搜尋的字串，這樣只會顯示有XXX名稱的軟體或模組
12. 安裝軟體指令
    pacman -S XXX
    XXX 請換成要安裝的軟體名稱
13. 以下是我編譯成功QT5.5後的所安裝的所有軟體
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-binutils 2.25-4 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-bzip2 1.0.6-3 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-cloog 0.18.1-3 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-crt-git 5.0.0.4506.413d55f-1 [已安裝: 5.0.0.4501.4421b4a-1]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-dlfcn-svn r37-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-expat 2.1.0-5 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gcc 4.9.2-5 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gcc-libs 4.9.2-5 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gdb 7.9.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gdbm 1.11-2 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gettext 0.19.4-2 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-gmp 6.0.0-2 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-headers-git 5.0.0.4506.413d55f-1 [已安裝: 5.0.0.4501.4421b4a-1]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-isl 0.13-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libffi 3.2.1-2 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libiconv 1.14-4 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libsystre 1.0.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libtool 2.4.6-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libtre-git r122.c2f5d13-3 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-libwinpthread-git 5.0.0.4497.4254261-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-lz4 1.7.0.r590-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-make 4.0.2289.432cb65-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-mpc 1.0.3-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-mpfr 3.1.2.p11-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-ncurses 5.9.20150321-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-openssl 1.0.2.a-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-pkg-config 0.28-3 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-python2 2.7.10-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-readline 6.2.005-3 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-tcl 8.6.4-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-termcap 1.3.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-tk 8.6.4-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-winpthreads-git 5.0.0.4497.4254261-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-yasm 1.3.0-1 [已安裝]
    mingw32 mingw-w64-i686-zlib 1.2.8-7 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-binutils 2.25-4 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-bzip2 1.0.6-3 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-cloog 0.18.1-3 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-crt-git 5.0.0.4506.413d55f-1 [已安裝: 5.0.0.4501.4421b4a-1]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-dlfcn-svn r37-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-expat 2.1.0-5 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc 4.9.2-5 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-libs 4.9.2-5 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb 7.9.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gdbm 1.11-2 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gettext 0.19.4-2 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-gmp 6.0.0-2 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-headers-git 5.0.0.4506.413d55f-1 [已安裝: 5.0.0.4501.4421b4a-1]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-isl 0.13-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libffi 3.2.1-2 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libiconv 1.14-4 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libsystre 1.0.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libtool 2.4.6-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libtre-git r122.c2f5d13-3 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-libwinpthread-git 5.0.0.4497.4254261-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-lz4 1.7.0.r590-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-make 4.0.2289.432cb65-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-mpc 1.0.3-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-mpfr 3.1.2.p11-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-ncurses 5.9.20150321-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-openssl 1.0.2.a-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-pkg-config 0.28-3 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-python2 2.7.10-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-readline 6.2.005-3 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-tcl 8.6.4-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-termcap 1.3.1-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-tk 8.6.4-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-winpthreads-git 5.0.0.4497.4254261-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-yasm 1.3.0-1 [已安裝]
    mingw64 mingw-w64-x86_64-zlib 1.2.8-7 [已安裝]
    msys bash 4.3.039-1 [已安裝]
    msys bash-completion 2.1-5 [已安裝]
    msys bsdcpio 3.1.2-5 [已安裝]
    msys bsdtar 3.1.2-5 [已安裝]
    msys bzip2 1.0.6-2 [已安裝]
    msys ca-certificates 20141019-2 [已安裝]
    msys catgets 1.1-2 [已安裝]
    msys coreutils 8.23-4 [已安裝]
    msys crypt 1.1-6 [已安裝]
    msys curl 7.42.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys dash 0.5.8-1 [已安裝]
    msys diffutils 3.3-3 [已安裝]
    msys file 5.22-2 [已安裝]
    msys filesystem 2015.04-3 [已安裝]
    msys findutils 4.5.14-4 [已安裝]
    msys flex 2.5.39-4 [已安裝]
    msys gawk 4.1.3-1 [已安裝]
    msys gcc-libs 4.9.2-4 [已安裝]
    msys gettext 0.19.4-1 [已安裝]
    msys gmp 6.0.0-3 [已安裝]
    msys gnupg 1.4.19-1 [已安裝]
    msys grep 2.21-1 [已安裝]
    msys gzip 1.6-1 [已安裝]
    msys inetutils 1.9.2-1 [已安裝]
    msys info 5.2-5 [已安裝]
    msys less 471-1 [已安裝]
    msys libarchive 3.1.2-5 [已安裝]
    msys libasprintf 0.19.4-1 [已安裝]
    msys libassuan 2.2.0-2 [已安裝]
    msys libbz2 1.0.6-2 [已安裝]
    msys libcatgets 1.1-2 [已安裝]
    msys libcrypt 1.1-6 [已安裝]
    msys libcurl 7.42.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys libexpat 2.1.0-2 [已安裝]
    msys libffi 3.2.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys libgettextpo 0.19.4-1 [已安裝]
    msys libgpg-error 1.19-1 [已安裝]
    msys libgpgme 1.5.4-1 [已安裝]
    msys libiconv 1.14-2 [已安裝]
    msys libidn 1.30-1 [已安裝]
    msys libintl 0.19.4-1 [已安裝]
    msys liblzma 5.2.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys liblzo2 2.09-1 [已安裝]
    msys libmetalink 0.1.2-2 [已安裝]
    msys libnettle 3.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys libopenssl 1.0.2.a-1 [已安裝]
    msys libp11-kit 0.23.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys libpcre 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys libpcre16 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys libpcre32 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys libpcrecpp 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys libpcreposix 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys libreadline 6.3.008-4 [已安裝]
    msys libssh2 1.4.3-3 [已安裝]
    msys libtasn1 4.5-1 [已安裝]
    msys libutil-linux 2.26.2-1 [已安裝]
    msys libxml2 2.9.2-2 [已安裝]
    msys lndir 1.0.3-1 [已安裝]
    msys m4 1.4.17-4 [已安裝]
    msys mintty 1322-2 [已安裝]
    msys mpfr 3.1.2.p11-1 [已安裝]
    msys msys2-keyring r8.3864337-1 [已安裝]
    msys msys2-runtime 2.1.0.16359.acadff9-1 [已安裝]
    msys ncurses 5.9.20150530-1 [已安裝: 5.9.20150110-1]
    msys openssl 1.0.2.a-1 [已安裝]
    msys p11-kit 0.23.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys pacman 4.2.1.6157.6e6093b-1 [已安裝]
    msys pacman-mirrors 20141223-1 [已安裝]
    msys pcre 8.36-2 [已安裝]
    msys pkgfile 15-1 [已安裝]
    msys rebase 4.4.1-6 [已安裝]
    msys repman-git r23.87bf865-1 [已安裝]
    msys sed 4.2.2-2 [已安裝]
    msys tftp-hpa 5.2-1 [已安裝]
    msys time 1.7-1 [已安裝]
    msys tzcode 2015.b-1 [已安裝]
    msys util-linux 2.26.2-1 [已安裝]
    msys which 2.21-1 [已安裝]
    msys xz 5.2.1-1 [已安裝]
    msys zlib 1.2.8-3 [已安裝] 
14.  以上黃色的是記憶中要編譯QT5.5必須的軟體(畢竟到成功花了好幾天，也記不住所有了)
15. PS:上面每行開頭有mingw32、mingw64、msys指各個shell.bat下才會獨有的軟體、但msys為共有，如執行mingw32_shell.bat 則能使用mingw32和msys，如執行mingw64_shell.bat 則能使用mingw64和msys，執行msys2_shell.bat則只有msys。